AMIRAL MOMININ ALI (AS)

It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Hajjal from abu Ishaq Tha‘laba from Zurara ibn A‘yun from one of the two Imams who has said the following. “Allah is best worshipped with belief in al-Bada’. In another Hadith from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim from abu ‘Abdallah  who has said, “Allah’s Greatness is not understood as well as it is understood with example of al-Bada’.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ ثَعْلَبَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهما السَّلام) قَالَ مَا عُبِدَ الله بِشَيْ‏ءٍ مِثْلِ الْبَدَاءِ. وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله  مَا عُظِّمَ الله بِمِثْلِ الْبَدَاءِ.

It is narrated from Ali ibn Ibrahim from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim and Hafs ibn al-Bakhtari and others from abu ‘Abdallah  whos has said the following about the words of Allah. “God establishes or effaces whatever He wants . .” (3:39) The Imam  said, “Can anything be affaced without being established? Can anything be esblished unless it is out of nothing?”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ وَحَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ وَغَيْرِهِمَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله  قَالَ فِي هَذِهِ الايَةِ يَمْحُوا الله ما يَشاءُ وَيُثْبِتُ قَالَ فَقَالَ وَهَلْ يُمْحَى إِلا مَا كَانَ ثَابِتاً وَهَلْ يُثْبَتُ إِلا مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ.

It is narrated from Ali from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim from Muhammad ibn Muslim from abu ‘Abdallah  who has said the following. “Allah did not send any messenger without three conditions.  Acknowledgement of being His servant and worshipper (b) To acknowledge that there is nothing like Him and (c) that Allah may bring forwards whatever He would so will and takes backwards whatever He would so will.”

عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله  قَالَ مَا بَعَثَ الله نَبِيّاً حَتَّى يَأْخُذَ عَلَيْهِ ثَلاثَ خِصَالٍ الاقْرَارَ لَهُ بِالْعُبُودِيَّةِ وَخَلْعَ الانْدَادِ وَأَنَّ الله يُقَدِّمُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَيُؤَخِّرُ مَا يَشَاءُ.

It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from Zurara from humran from abu Ja‘far  who has said the following. “I asked the Imam about the words of Allah, “It is He who has created you from clay to live for a life-time and the span of your life is only known to Him. . .” (6:2) The Imam said, “There are two appointed times. One is is a definit time and the other is the conditional one.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ ابي جعفر  قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَضى‏ أَجَلاً وَأَجَلٌ مُسَمًّى عِنْدَهُ قَالَ هُمَا أَجَلانِ أَجَلٌ مَحْتُومٌ وَأَجَلٌ مَوْقُوفٌ.

It is narrated from Ahmad ibn Mahran from ‘Abdal ‘Azim ibn ‘Abdallah al-Hassani from Ali ibn Asbat from Khalaf ibn Hammad from ibn Maskan from Malik al-Juhanni who has said the following. “I asked Imam abu ‘Abdallah  about the words of Allah “Does he not remember that We created him when he did not exist?” (9:67) The Imam  said, “It means that he did not exist in a definit or in the form of a being.” I asked the Imam about the words of Allah, “There was certainly a time when there was no mention of the human being” (76:) The Imam said, “ It was definit but not mentioned.”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله الْحَسَنِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ مَالِكٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله  عَنْ قَوْلِ الله تَعَالَى أَ وَلَمْ يَرَ الانْسانُ أَنَّا خَلَقْناهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَلَمْ يَكُ شَيْئاً قَالَ فَقَالَ لا مُقَدَّراً وَلا مُكَوَّناً قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ هَلْ أَتى‏ عَلَى الانْسانِ حِينٌ مِنَ الدَّهْرِ لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئاً مَذْكُوراً فَقَالَ كَانَ مُقَدَّراً غَيْرَ مَذْكُورٍ.

It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Rabi‘ ibn ‘Abdallah from al-fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following. “I heard abu Ja‘far  saying, “There are two kinds of knolwedge. One kind is hidden with Allah of which no one of his creatures has any information. The other kind of knowledge is the knowledge of His angels and His messengers. Whatever knowledge He has given to His angels and messengers it will come to pass. He will not speak a lie not will He let His angels or messengers to do so. The knowledge that is hidden with Him of this He brings forwards whatever He would will and takes back whatever would He will so and establishes whatever would He will so.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ  يَقُولُ الْعِلْمُ عِلْمَانِ فَعِلْمٌ عِنْدَ الله مَخْزُونٌ لَمْ يُطْلِعْ عَلَيْهِ أَحَداً مِنْ خَلْقِهِ وَعِلْمٌ عَلَّمَهُ مَلائِكَتَهُ وَرُسُلَهُ فَمَا عَلَّمَهُ مَلائِكَتَهُ وَرُسُلَهُ فَإِنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ لا يُكَذِّبُ نَفْسَهُ وَلا مَلائِكَتَهُ وَلا رُسُلَهُ وَعِلْمٌ عِنْدَهُ مَخْزُونٌ يُقَدِّمُ مِنْهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَيُؤَخِّرُ مِنْهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَيُثْبِتُ مَا يَشَاءُ.

It is narrated from a number of our people from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Ja‘far ibn ‘Uthman from Suma‘a from abu Basir and Wahab ibn Hafs from abu Basir from abu ‘Abdallah  who has said the following: “Allah has two kinds of knowledge. There is the hidden, treasured knowledge of which no one has any information except Allah. From this knowledge comes al-Bada’. There is the knowledge that Allah has given to His angels, His messengers and His prophets and we know this knowledge.”

عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَوُهَيْبِ بْنِ حَفْصٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله  قَالَ إِنَّ لله عِلْمَيْنِ عِلْمٌ مَكْنُونٌ مَخْزُونٌ لا يَعْلَمُهُ إِلا هُوَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ يَكُونُ الْبَدَاءُ وَعِلْمٌ عَلَّمَهُ مَلائِكَتَهُ وَرُسُلَهُ وَأَنْبِيَاءَهُ فَنَحْنُ نَعْلَمُهُ.

It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn sa‘id from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from ‘Abdallah ibn Sinan from abu ‘Abdallah  who has said the following. “Nothing appeared to Allah in a thing except that He knew it before al-Bada’ would take place.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله  قَالَ مَا بَدَا لله فِي شَيْ‏ءٍ إِلا كَانَ فِي عِلْمِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَبْدُوَ لَهُ.

It is narrated from him from Ahmad from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn Faddal from Dawud ibn Farqad from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman al-Juhanni from abu ‘Abdallah  who has said the following. “Al-Bada’ does not takke place to Allah out of ignorance.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ الْجُهَنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله  قَالَ إِنَّ الله لَمْ يَبْدُ لَهُ مِنْ جَهْلٍ.

It is narrated from Ali ibn Ibrahim from Muhammad ibn ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from Mansur ibn Hazim who has said the following. I asked abu ‘Abdallah , “Can anything happen today that was not in the knowledge of Allah the day before?’ The Imam  said, “No, this does not happen. Whoever would say so Allah will make him to suffer a great deal.” I then said, “Do you consider that all that were there and all that will take place up to the Day of Judgment are all in the knowledge of Allah?” The Imam said, “Yes, it was so before He created the creatures.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله  هَلْ يَكُونُ الْيَوْمَ شَيْ‏ءٌ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي عِلْمِ الله بِالامْسِ قَالَ لا مَنْ قَالَ هَذَا فَأَخْزَاهُ الله قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ مَا كَانَ وَمَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ أَ لَيْسَ فِي عِلْمِ الله قَالَ بَلَى قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ الْخَلْقَ.

It is narrated from Ali ibn Muhammad from Yunus from Malik al-Juhanni who has said the following. “I heard Imam abu ‘Abdallah  saying, ‘Had the people known of the reward in the belief in al-Bada’ there would have been no weakness in their words about it.”

عَلِيٌّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ مَالِكٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله  يَقُولُ لَوْ عَلِمَ النَّاسُ مَا فِي الْقَوْلِ بِالْبَدَاءِ مِنَ الاجْرِ مَا فَتَرُوا عَنِ الْكَلامِ فِيهِ.

It is narrated from a number of our peole from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid fro some of our people from Muhammad ibn ‘Amr al-Kufi brother of Yahya from Murazim ibn Hakimwhos has said the following. I heard abu ‘Abdallah  saying, “No prophet has ever proclaimed prophethood before acknowledging before Allah about five things. Acknowledgement of al-Bada’, of the wish of Allah, the prostration, affirmation of worshipping and obedience.”

عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْكُوفِيِّ أَخِي يَحْيَى عَنْ مُرَازِمِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله  يَقُولُ مَا تَنَبَّأَ نَبِيٌّ قَطُّ حَتَّى يُقِرَّ لله بِخَمْسِ خِصَالٍ بِالْبَدَاءِ وَالْمَشِيئَةِ وَالسُّجُودِ وَالْعُبُودِيَّةِ وَالطَّاعَةِ.

With the same chain of narrators it is narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad from Yunus from Jahm ibn abu Jahma from whom he narrated from abu ‘Abdallah  who has said the following. “Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, inform Prophet Muhammad about all that was there from the beginning of the world and that will be there to the end of the world. He informed him about is definit in them and made an except about what is otherwise.”

وَبِهَذَا الاسْنَادِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ جَهْمِ بْنِ أَبِي جَهْمَةَ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله  قَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَخْبَرَ مُحَمَّداً ﷺ بِمَا كَانَ مُنْذُ كَانَتِ الدُّنْيَا وَبِمَا يَكُونُ إِلَى انْقِضَاءِ الدُّنْيَا وَأَخْبَرَهُ بِالْمَحْتُومِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَاسْتَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا سِوَاهُ.

It is narrated from Ali ibn Ibrahim from his father from al-Rayyan ibn al-Salt who has said the following. “I heard Imam al-Rida  saying, “Allah never sent a prophet without the law that prohibits the use of wine and without belief in al-Bada.’”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الرَّيَّانِ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الرِّضَا  يَقُولُ مَا بَعَثَ الله نَبِيّاً قَطُّ إِلا بِتَحْرِيمِ الْخَمْرِ وَأَنْ يُقِرَّ لله بِالْبَدَاءِ.

It is narrated from al-Husayn ibn Muhammad from Mu’alla ibn Muhammad who has said the following. “The ‘Alim (scholar) was asked, ‘How is the knowledge of Allah?” He replied, “He knew, He wanted, He willed, He measured, He decreed and He allowed it to happen. He let happen what He had decreed and decreed what he had measured and measured what He had willed. From His knowledge was His wish. From His wish was His will and from His will was His measuring. From His measuring was His decree and from His decree was His letting it to happen. Knowledge is before the wish. The wish is the second and the will is the third. Measuring happens up on the decree to let it happen. For Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, there is al-Bada’ in whatever He knows when He wants and in the will to measure things. When the decree is issued to let it happen then there is no al-Bada’. Thus, the knowledge of the object of knowledge is before it comes into existence. The wish for the object of wish is before its substance. The will in what iis willed iis before it is established. The measuring of these objects of knowledge is before their details and before their reaching the stage of being manifested in their substance and time. The decree to let it happen is decisive in the acts with body and what is perceived with the senses of the colored having smells and weight and measurement and things walking, crawling and creeping on earth of man, Jinn, birds, beasts and others that are comprehended with the senses. Al-Bada’ happens with Allah in the matters that have no substance. When substance and meaning would appear then there is no al-Bada’. Allah does whatever He wants. With knowledge He has the knowledge of the things before their coming into existence. With the wish He has the knowledge their qualities and their limits. He invented them before they became manifest. With the will He distinguished them in their colors and qualities. With measurement He measured their sustenance and and made their beginning and end. With the decree He made public for people their places and guided them thereto. With the letting them to happen He explained the reasons and made the affairs public. This is the planing of the Most Majestic, the All-knowing.”

الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ سُئِلَ الْعَالِمُ  كَيْفَ عِلْمُ الله قَالَ عَلِمَ وَشَاءَ وَأَرَادَ وَقَدَّرَ وَقَضَى وَأَمْضَى فَأَمْضَى مَا قَضَى وَقَضَى مَا قَدَّرَ وَقَدَّرَ مَا أَرَادَ فَبِعِلْمِهِ كَانَتِ الْمَشِيئَةُ وَبِمَشِيئَتِهِ كَانَتِ الارَادَةُ وَبِإِرَادَتِهِ كَانَ التَّقْدِيرُ وَبِتَقْدِيرِهِ كَانَ الْقَضَاءُ وَبِقَضَائِهِ كَانَ الامْضَاءُ وَالْعِلْمُ مُتَقَدِّمٌ عَلَى الْمَشِيئَةِ وَالْمَشِيئَةُ ثَانِيَةٌ وَالارَادَةُ ثَالِثَةٌ وَالتَّقْدِيرُ وَاقِعٌ عَلَى الْقَضَاءِ بِالامْضَاءِ فَلله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى الْبَدَاءُ فِيمَا عَلِمَ مَتَى شَاءَ وَفِيمَا أَرَادَ لِتَقْدِيرِ الاشْيَاءِ فَإِذَا وَقَعَ الْقَضَاءُ بِالامْضَاءِ فَلا بَدَاءَ فَالْعِلْمُ فِي الْمَعْلُومِ قَبْلَ كَوْنِهِ وَالْمَشِيئَةُ فِي الْمُنْشَإِ قَبْلَ عَيْنِهِ وَالارَادَةُ فِي الْمُرَادِ قَبْلَ قِيَامِهِ وَالتَّقْدِيرُ لِهَذِهِ الْمَعْلُومَاتِ قَبْلَ تَفْصِيلِهَا وَتَوْصِيلِهَا عِيَاناً وَوَقْتاً وَالْقَضَاءُ بِالامْضَاءِ هُوَ الْمُبْرَمُ مِنَ الْمَفْعُولاتِ ذَوَاتِ الاجْسَامِ الْمُدْرَكَاتِ بِالْحَوَاسِّ مِنْ ذَوِي لَوْنٍ وَرِيحٍ وَوَزْنٍ وَكَيْلٍ وَمَا دَبَّ وَدَرَجَ مِنْ إِنْسٍ وَجِنٍّ وَطَيْرٍ وَسِبَاعٍ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِمَّا يُدْرَكُ بِالْحَوَاسِّ فَلله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى فِيهِ الْبَدَاءُ مِمَّا لا عَيْنَ لَهُ فَإِذَا وَقَعَ الْعَيْنُ الْمَفْهُومُ الْمُدْرَكُ فَلا بَدَاءَ وَالله يَفْعَلُ مَا يَشَاءُ فَبِالْعِلْمِ عَلِمَ الاشْيَاءَ قَبْلَ كَوْنِهَا وَبِالْمَشِيئَةِ عَرَّفَ صِفَاتِهَا وَحُدُودَهَا وَأَنْشَأَهَا قَبْلَ إِظْهَارِهَا وَبِالارَادَةِ مَيَّزَ أَنْفُسَهَا فِي أَلْوَانِهَا وَصِفَاتِهَا وَبِالتَّقْدِيرِ قَدَّرَ أَقْوَاتَهَا وَعَرَّفَ أَوَّلَهَا وَآخِرَهَا وَبِالْقَضَاءِ أَبَانَ لِلنَّاسِ أَمَاكِنَهَا وَدَلَّهُمْ عَلَيْهَا وَبِالامْضَاءِ شَرَحَ عِللها وَأَبَانَ أَمْرَهَا وَذَلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ.