Book 1 [The Book of Belief and Disbelief]
- Volume 2, Book 1, Chapter 1
The Clay from Which the Believers and Unbelievers Are Made
7 Aḥadīth
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Rib’i ibn ‘Abd Allah from a man from Ali ibn al-Husayn
who has said the following: “Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, created the prophets from the clay of ‘Illiyiyyn (paradise), both their bodies and souls. He made the hearts of the believers from such clay and He made their bodies from a world lower than that world. He created the unbelievers, both their bodies and souls from the clay of Sijjin (fire). He thus mixed the two clays. For this reason children of unbelievers become believers and vice versa. For this reason the believers get afflicted with evil and unbelievers receive good things. Thus, the hearts of the believers incline to that from which they are created and the hearts of the unbelievers incline to that from which they are created.”عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ (عَلَيهِما السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ خَلَقَ النَّبِيِّينَ مِنْ طِينَةِ عِلِّيِّينَ قُلُوبَهُمْ وَأَبْدَانَهُمْ وَخَلَقَ قُلُوبَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ تِلْكَ الطِّينَةِ وَجَعَلَ خَلْقَ أَبْدَانِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ دُونِ ذَلِكَ وَخَلَقَ الْكُفَّارَ مِنْ طِينَةِ سِجِّينٍ قُلُوبَهُمْ وَأَبْدَانَهُمْ فَخَلَطَ بَيْنَ الطِّينَتَيْنِ فَمِنْ هَذَا يَلِدُ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْكَافِرَ وَيَلِدُ الْكَافِرُ الْمُؤْمِنَ وَمِنْ هَاهُنَا يُصِيبُ الْمُؤْمِنُ السَّيِّئَةَ وَمِنْ هَاهُنَا يُصِيبُ الْكَافِرُ الْحَسَنَةَ فَقُلُوبُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تَحِنُّ إِلَى مَا خُلِقُوا مِنْهُ وَقُلُوبُ الْكَافِرِينَ تَحِنُّ إِلَى مَا خُلِقُوا مِنْهُ.
Hadith No. 2
Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan from al- Nadr ibn Shu’ayb from ‘Abd al-Ghaffar al-Jaziyy from Abu ‘Abdillah
who has said the following: “Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, created the believers from the clay of paradise. He created the unbelievers from the clay of fire. He then said, ‘When Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, decides to grant good to one of His servants. He purifies his spirit and body. Whenever he hears any good thing he recognizes it. Whenever he hears any bad things he dislikes them.’ I (the narrator) then heard him saying, ‘The clays are of three kinds: one is the clay of the prophets from which the believers are also created, except that the prophets are made of the superior kind of clay. The prophets are the roots and the believers are the branches and for this reason they are more excellent than the believers. The believers are created from a stickier kind of clay. Thus Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious will not keep them apart from their followers.’ The Imam than said, ‘The clay of those who insult (‘ A’immah ) are from a black clay that smells foul. The weak ones are made from soil. The believers do not change their faith nor do evil doers (those who insult ‘ A’immah , recipients of divine supreme covenant) do so and Allah has a definite goal behind it.’”2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْغَفَّارِ الْجَازِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ خَلَقَ الْمُؤْمِنَ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْجَنَّةِ وَخَلَقَ الْكَافِرَ مِنْ طِينَةِ النَّارِ وَقَالَ إِذَا أَرَادَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً طَيَّبَ رُوحَهُ وَجَسَدَهُ فَلا يَسْمَعُ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْخَيْرِ إِلا عَرَفَهُ وَلا يَسْمَعُ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْمُنْكَرِ إِلا أَنْكَرَهُ قَالَ وَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ الطِّينَاتُ ثَلاثٌ طِينَةُ الأنْبِيَاءِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الطِّينَةِ إِلا أَنَّ الأنْبِيَاءَ هُمْ مِنْ صَفْوَتِهَا هُمُ الأصْلُ وَلَهُمْ فَضْلُهُمْ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ الْفَرْعُ مِنْ طِينٍ لازِبٍ كَذَلِكَ لا يُفَرِّقُ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ شِيعَتِهِمْ وَقَالَ طِينَةُ النَّاصِبِ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ وَأَمَّا الْمُسْتَضْعَفُونَ فَمِنْ تُرَابٍ لا يَتَحَوَّلُ مُؤْمِنٌ عَنْ إِيمَانِهِ وَلا نَاصِبٌ عَنْ نَصْبِهِ وَلله الْمَشِيئَةُ فِيهِمْ.
Hadith No. 3
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from Salih ibn Sahl who has said that I asked abu Abu ‘Abdillah
the following: “May Allah keep my soul of service to you, from what kind of material has Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, created the clay of the believers? He then replied, ‘He has created them with the clay from which the prophets were made. Thus, they never become unclean.’”3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مِنْ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ طِينَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَقَالَ مِنْ طِينَةِ الأنْبِيَاءِ فَلَمْ تَنْجَسْ أَبَداً.
Hadith No. 4
Muhammad ibn Yahya and others have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalaf from abu Nahshal who has said that Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il narrated from abu Hamza al-Thumali who has the following: “I heard abu la’ far
saying, ‘Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, created us from the top most of paradise. He made the hearts of our followers from that which He had created us. He created their bodies from that which is below, thus, their hearts incline to us; they are made from what He had made us.’ He then recited this verse of the Holy Quran. ‘However, the records of the deeds of the virtuous ones will certainly be in llliyin (83:18). Would that you had known what llliyin is! (19). It is a comprehensively written Book (of records) (20). The ones nearest to Allah will bring it to the public (83:21).’ He then said, ‘Allah has created our enemies from Sijjin (the fire) and He has created the hearts of their followers from what He had created them. He created the bodies of their followers (followers of our enemies) from other matters. Thus, their hearts (the hearts of the followers of our enemies) incline to them (to our enemies) because they are created from what they (our enemies) are created.’ Then he recited this verse of the Holy Quran: ‘Let them know that the records of the sinners’ deeds are in Sijin (83:7). Would that you had known what Sijin is! (8). It is a comprehensively written Book (of records) (9). Woe, on that day, to those who have rejected Allah’s revelations (10) and those who have rejected the Day of Judgment (83:11).’”4ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَغَيْرِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَلَفٍ عَنْ أَبِي نَهْشَلٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ إِنَّ الله جَلَّ وَعَزَّ خَلَقَنَا مِنْ أَعْلَى عِلِّيِّينَ وَخَلَقَ قُلُوبَ شِيعَتِنَا مِمَّا خَلَقَنَا مِنْهُ وَخَلَقَ أَبْدَانَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِ ذَلِكَ وَقُلُوبُهُمْ تَهْوِي إِلَيْنَا لأنَّهَا خُلِقَتْ مِمَّا خُلِقْنَا مِنْهُ ثُمَّ تَلا هَذِهِ الآيَةَ كَلا إِنَّ كِتابَ الأبْرارِ لَفِي عِلِّيِّينَ وَما أَدْراكَ ما عِلِّيُّونَ كِتابٌ مَرْقُومٌ يَشْهَدُهُ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ وَخَلَقَ عَدُوَّنَا مِنْ سِجِّينٍ وَخَلَقَ قُلُوبَ شِيعَتِهِمْ مِمَّا خَلَقَهُمْ مِنْهُ وَأَبْدَانَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِ ذَلِكَ فَقُلُوبُهُمْ تَهْوِي إِلَيْهِمْ لأنَّهَا خُلِقَتْ مِمَّا خُلِقُوا مِنْهُ ثُمَّ تَلا هَذِهِ الآيَةَ كَلا إِنَّ كِتابَ الفُجَّارِ لَفِي سِجِّينٍ وَما أَدْراكَ ما سِجِّينٌ كِتابٌ مَرْقُومٌ وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ.
Hadith No. 5
A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad, who has narrated from more than one person from al-Husayn ibn al-Hassan. All of the above have narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Uwarma from Muhammad ibn Ali from ‘Isma’il ibn Yasar from ‘Uthman ibn Yusuf who has said that, reported to him ‘Abd Allah ibn Kaysan, from Abu ‘Abdillah
who has said the following: “Once I said to the Imam, ‘May Allah keep my soul in service for your cause, I am your servant, abu ‘Abd Allah ibn Kaysan.’ The Imam said, ‘I know your genealogy. However, I do not know you (so well).’ I said, ‘I was born in the mountains and grew up in the land of Persia. I associate with people in business and other occasions. I, thus, associate with a man and find his appearance very good, to be of good manners and more trustworthy. When I investigate, I find him to be one of your enemies. I also associate with another man who has bad manners, is less trustworthy and hot tempered. I then investigate and find him to be of your supporters and followers. Why is it so?’ “He (the Imam) said, ‘O ibn Kaysan, Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, took a clay from paradise and also from fire and then mixed them together. Then He separated this from that and that from this. The good appearances, good manners and trustworthiness that you find in them (our enemies) is because of the touch of the clay from paradise but they will return to that from which they are made. The deceitfulness, bad manners and hot-temperament that you find in them (our supporters and followers) is because of the touch of the clay from fire, however, they will return to that from which they were made.’”5ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَغَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الله بْنُ كَيْسَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَنَا مَوْلاكَ عَبْدُ الله بْنُ كَيْسَانَ قَالَ أَمَّا النَّسَبُ فَأَعْرِفُهُ وَأَمَّا أَنْتَ فَلَسْتُ أَعْرِفُكَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي وُلِدْتُ بِالْجَبَلِ وَنَشَأْتُ فِي أَرْضِ فَارِسَ وَإِنَّنِي أُخَالِطُ النَّاسَ فِي التِّجَارَاتِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ فَأُخَالِطُ الرَّجُلَ فَأَرَى لَهُ حُسْنَ السَّمْتِ وَحُسْنَ الْخُلُقِ وَكَثْرَةَ أَمَانَةٍ ثُمَّ أُفَتِّشُهُ فَأَتَبَيَّنُهُ عَنْ عَدَاوَتِكُمْ وَأُخَالِطُ الرَّجُلَ فَأَرَى مِنْهُ سُوءَ الْخُلُقِ وَقِلَّةَ أَمَانَةٍ وَزَعَارَّةً ثُمَّ أُفَتِّشُهُ فَأَتَبَيَّنُهُ عَنْ وَلايَتِكُمْ فَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لِي أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ يَا ابْنَ كَيْسَانَ أَنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَخَذَ طِينَةً مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَطِينَةً مِنَ النَّارِ فَخَلَطَهُمَا جَمِيعاً ثُمَّ نَزَعَ هَذِهِ مِنْ هَذِهِ وَهَذِهِ مِنْ هَذِهِ فَمَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ أُولَئِكَ مِنَ الأمَانَةِ وَحُسْنِ الْخُلُقِ وَحُسْنِ السَّمْتِ فَمِمَّا مَسَّتْهُمْ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْجَنَّةِ وَهُمْ يَعُودُونَ إِلَى مَا خُلِقُوا مِنْهُ وَمَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ هَؤُلاءِ مِنْ قِلَّةِ الأمَانَةِ وَسُوءِ الْخُلُقِ وَالزَّعَارَّةِ فَمِمَّا مَسَّتْهُمْ مِنْ طِينَةِ النَّارِ وَهُمْ يَعُودُونَ إِلَى مَا خُلِقُوا مِنْهُ.
Hadith No. 6
Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Khalid from Salih ibn Sahl who has said the following: “I asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Are the believers made from the clay from which the prophets were made?’ He said, ‘Yes, that is correct.’”
6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) الْمُؤْمِنُونَ مِنْ طِينَةِ الأنْبِيَاءِ قَالَ نَعَمْ.
Hadith No. 7
Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Salih ibn abu Hammad from al-Husayn ibn Yazid from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn abu Hamza from Ibrahim from Abu ‘Abdillah
who has said the following: “When Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, willed to create Adam He sent Jibril in the first hours of the Friday. He picked up with his right hand a handful. His hand had in its reach from the seventh heavens to the heaven above earth. From each of the heavens he picked up a handful. He also picked up another handful from the seventh earth of the above-most and to the farthest seventh earth. Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, then commanded His word to hold the first handful in his right and the other in his left. The clay then was cleaved into two. It was scattered from earth and from the heavens and then said to the clay in his right hand, ‘From you will be the messengers, the prophets, their successors, the truthful ones, the believers, those who will achieve salvation and those whom I will to have honors.’ It then became necessary for them to be as He said them to be. He then said to that which was on his left, ‘From you will be the tyrants, the polytheists, the unbelievers, the devils and those whom I will to humiliate and be of the wicked ones.’ It then became necessary for them to become what He said them to become. Thereafter the two clays mixed together as Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, has said, ‘Allah makes the seed and the nuts to cleave apart.’ (6:95) The seed is the clay of the believers upon which Allah has placed His love. The nuts are the clay of the unbelievers that are far from all good. It is called nuts (al- Nawa’) because it is far away from all good and from Him. Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, has said, ‘He (Allah) brings forth the living from the dead and the dead from the living.’ (6:95) The living are the believers who come out from the unbelievers and the dead who come out of the living are the unbelievers who are from the believers. The living are the believers and the dead are the unbelievers. This is because of the words of Allah, ‘Are those whom We brought to life after their being dead . . .’ (6:122) Their death was the mixing of their clay with the clay of the unbelievers and his coming to life was when Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, caused separation between them through His word. In this way Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, takes the believers at birth out to light from darkness after their entering therein and He takes the unbelievers out of the light to darkness after their entering into the light as it is said in the words of Allah, the Majestic the Glorious, ‘So that he can give warning to those who are of the living and the word about the unbelievers truly come to pass.’” (36:70)7ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ آدَمَ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) بَعَثَ جَبْرَئِيلَ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) فِي أَوَّلِ سَاعَةٍ مِنْ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَقَبَضَ بِيَمِينِهِ قَبْضَةً بَلَغَتْ قَبْضَتُهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ السَّابِعَةِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا وَأَخَذَ مِنْ كُلِّ سَمَاءٍ تُرْبَةً وَقَبَضَ قَبْضَةً أُخْرَى مِنَ الأرْضِ السَّابِعَةِ الْعُلْيَا إِلَى الأرْضِ السَّابِعَةِ الْقُصْوَى فَأَمَرَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ كَلِمَتَهُ فَأَمْسَكَ الْقَبْضَةَ الأولَى بِيَمِينِهِ وَالْقَبْضَةَ الأخْرَى بِشِمَالِهِ فَفَلَقَ الطِّينَ فِلْقَتَيْنِ فَذَرَا مِنَ الأرْضِ ذَرْواً وَمِنَ السَّمَاوَاتِ ذَرْواً فَقَالَ لِلَّذِي بِيَمِينِهِ مِنْكَ الرُّسُلُ وَالأنْبِيَاءُ وَالأوْصِيَاءُ وَالصِّدِّيقُونَ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَالسُّعَدَاءُ وَمَنْ أُرِيدُ كَرَامَتَهُ فَوَجَبَ لَهُمْ مَا قَالَ كَمَا قَالَ وَقَالَ لِلَّذِي بِشِمَالِهِ مِنْكَ الْجَبَّارُونَ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ وَالْكَافِرُونَ وَالطَّوَاغِيتُ وَمَنْ أُرِيدُ هَوَانَهُ وَشِقْوَتَهُ فَوَجَبَ لَهُمْ مَا قَالَ كَمَا قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الطِّينَتَيْنِ خُلِطَتَا جَمِيعاً وَذَلِكَ قَوْلُ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِنَّ الله فالِقُ الْحَبِّ وَالنَّوى فَالْحَبُّ طِينَةُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّتِي أَلْقَى الله عَلَيْهَا مَحَبَّتَهُ وَالنَّوَى طِينَةُ الْكَافِرِينَ الَّذِينَ نَأَوْا عَنْ كُلِّ خَيْرٍ وَإِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ النَّوَى مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُ نَأَى عَنْ كُلِّ خَيْرٍ وَتَبَاعَدَ عَنْهُ وَقَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَمُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الْحَيِّ فَالْحَيُّ الْمُؤْمِنُ الَّذِي تَخْرُجُ طِينَتُهُ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْكَافِرِ وَالْمَيِّتُ الَّذِي يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْحَيِّ هُوَ الْكَافِرُ الَّذِي يَخْرُجُ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَالْحَيُّ الْمُؤْمِنُ وَالْمَيِّتُ الْكَافِرُ وَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَ وَمَنْ كانَ مَيْتاً فَأَحْيَيْناهُ فَكَانَ مَوْتُهُ اخْتِلاطَ طِينَتِهِ مَعَ طِينَةِ الْكَافِرِ وَكَانَ حَيَاتُهُ حِينَ فَرَّقَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بَيْنَهُمَا بِكَلِمَتِهِ كَذَلِكَ يُخْرِجُ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ فِي الْمِيلادِ مِنَ الظُّلْمَةِ بَعْدَ دُخُولِهِ فِيهَا إِلَى النُّورِ وَيُخْرِجُ الْكَافِرَ مِنَ النُّورِ إِلَى الظُّلْمَةِ بَعْدَ دُخُولِهِ إِلَى النُّورِ وَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِيُنْذِرَ مَنْ كانَ حَيًّا وَيَحِقَّ الْقَوْلُ عَلَى الْكافِرِينَ.
- Volume 2, Book 1, Chapter 2
The Clay from Which the Believers and Unbelievers Are Made (additional)
3 Aḥadīth
Abu Ali al-Ash’ari and Muhammad ibn Yahya have narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from Zurara from abu Ja’far
who has said the following: “Had people known how the beginning of the creation was, no one would have disagreed with another person. Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, before creating the creatures said, ‘Be a sweet water so I create from you My paradise and people who obey My commands. Be very salty water; from you I create My fire and those who disobey Me.’ He then commanded them to mix and from this the believers give birth to unbelievers and the unbelievers give birth to the believers. Then He took a clay from the surface of the earth and kneaded it very strongly whereby they (children of Adam) appeared as particles crawling about. He then said to the people of the right hand, ‘To paradise (you go) in peace.’ To the people of the left hand He said, ‘To the fire (you go) and I am not concerned.’ He then commanded a fire that began to blaze and He said to the people of the left hand, ‘Enter therein.’ They then were frightened thereby. He then said to the people of the right hand, ‘Enter the fire.’ They then entered therein and He said, ‘O fire be cool and peaceful.’ The fire became cool and peaceful. The people of the left hand then said, ‘O Lord forgive us and reduce our burden.’ The Lord said, ‘I have reduced it for you. Enter.’ They went but were afraid of it. It was there that obedience and disobedience came to take place. Thus, these will not be able to become of those and they will not be able to become of these.’”أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لَوْ عَلِمَ النَّاسُ كَيْفَ ابْتِدَاءُ الْخَلْقِ مَا اخْتَلَفَ اثْنَانِ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ الْخَلْقَ قَالَ كُنْ مَاءً عَذْباً أَخْلُقْ مِنْكَ جَنَّتِي وَأَهْلَ طَاعَتِي وَكُنْ مِلْحاً أُجَاجاً أَخْلُقْ مِنْكَ نَارِي وَأَهْلَ مَعْصِيَتِي ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمَا فَامْتَزَجَا فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ صَارَ يَلِدُ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْكَافِرَ وَالْكَافِرُ الْمُؤْمِنَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ طِيناً مِنْ أَدِيمِ الأرْضِ فَعَرَكَهُ عَرْكاً شَدِيداً فَإِذَا هُمْ كَالذَّرِّ يَدِبُّونَ فَقَالَ لأصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ بِسَلامٍ وَقَالَ لأصْحَابِ الشِّمَالِ إِلَى النَّارِ وَلا أُبَالِي ثُمَّ أَمَرَ نَاراً فَأُسْعِرَتْ فَقَالَ لأصْحَابِ الشِّمَالِ ادْخُلُوهَا فَهَابُوهَا فَقَالَ لأصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ ادْخُلُوهَا فَدَخَلُوهَا فَقَالَ كُونِي بَرْداً وَسَلاماً فَكَانَتْ بَرْداً وَسَلاماً فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ الشِّمَالِ يَا رَبِّ أَقِلْنَا فَقَالَ قَدْ أَقَلْتُكُمْ فَادْخُلُوهَا فَذَهَبُوا فَهَابُوهَا فَثَمَّ ثَبَتَتِ الطَّاعَةُ وَالْمَعْصِيَةُ فَلا يَسْتَطِيعُ هَؤُلاءِ أَنْ يَكُونُوا مِنْ هَؤُلاءِ وَلا هَؤُلاءِ مِنْ هَؤُلاءِ.
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ibn ‘Udhayna from Zurara who has said the following: “Once a man asked abu Ja’far
about the words of Allah, the Majestic the Glorious, ‘When your Lord took from the back of the children of Adam their offspring and told them to bear testimony to the words of Allah, “Am I not your Lord,” they all said, “Yes, You are our Lord. . . .”’ (7:172) “He (the Imam), while his father was listening, said, ‘My father narrated to me that Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, took a handful of clay, from which He created Adam. He poured upon it sweet water from Euphrates and left it for forty mornings. Then He poured upon it very salty water and left it for forty mornings. When the clay fermented He then kneaded it strongly and they (children of Adam) appeared as particles from his right and left sides. He ordered all of them to enter the fire. The people of the right hand entered it and it became cool and peaceful for them but the people of the left hand refused to enter.’”عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ أَنَّ رَجُلاً سَأَلَ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) عَنْ قَوْلِ الله جَلَّ وَعَزَّ وَإِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَأَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قالُوا بَلى إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ فَقَالَ وَأَبُوهُ يَسْمَعُ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي أَنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَبَضَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ تُرَابِ التُّرْبَةِ الَّتِي خَلَقَ مِنْهَا آدَمَ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهَا الْمَاءَ الْعَذْبَ الْفُرَاتَ ثُمَّ تَرَكَهَا أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً ثُمَّ صَبَّ عَلَيْهَا الْمَاءَ الْمَالِحَ الأجَاجَ فَتَرَكَهَا أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً فَلَمَّا اخْتَمَرَتِ الطِّينَةُ أَخَذَهَا فَعَرَكَهَا عَرْكاً شَدِيداً فَخَرَجُوا كَالذَّرِّ مِنْ يَمِينِهِ وَشِمَالِهِ وَأَمَرَهُمْ جَمِيعاً أَنْ يَقَعُوا فِي النَّارِ فَدَخَلَ أَصْحَابُ الْيَمِينِ فَصَارَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ بَرْداً وَسَلاماً وَأَبَى أَصْحَابُ الشِّمَالِ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا.
Hadith No. 3
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from Muhammad ibn Ali al-Halabi from Abu ‘Abdillah
who has said the following: “When Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, willed to create Adam He sent water on the clay. He then took a handful and kneaded it and then divided it in two parts with His hands then scattered them and they began to move. He then started a fire for them and commanded the people of the left hand to enter therein. They went near but were afraid of it and they did not enter therein. He then commanded the people of the right hand to enter in the fire. They went and entered into it and Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, commanded the fire to become cool and peaceful for them. When the people of the left hand observed it they said, ‘Our Lord, forgive us.’ He forgave them and said to them, ‘Enter into the fire.’ They went but did not enter therein. He then changed them to clay and He created Adam therefrom. Abu ‘Abd Allah then said, ‘Those will never be able to become these and they will never be able to become of those.’ He then said, ‘They saw the Messenger of Allah to be the first to enter that fire. For this reason is the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, ‘(Muhammad), Say, “Had the Beneficent had a son then I would have been the first to worship.”’” (43: 81)عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ آدَمَ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) أَرْسَلَ الْمَاءَ عَلَى الطِّينِ ثُمَّ قَبَضَ قَبْضَةً فَعَرَكَهَا ثُمَّ فَرَّقَهَا فِرْقَتَيْنِ بِيَدِهِ ثُمَّ ذَرَأَهُمْ فَإِذَا هُمْ يَدِبُّونَ ثُمَّ رَفَعَ لَهُمْ نَاراً فَأَمَرَ أَهْلَ الشِّمَالِ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا فَذَهَبُوا إِلَيْهَا فَهَابُوهَا فَلَمْ يَدْخُلُوهَا ثُمَّ أَمَرَ أَهْلَ الْيَمِينِ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا فَذَهَبُوا فَدَخَلُوهَا فَأَمَرَ الله جَلَّ وَعَزَّ النَّارَ فَكَانَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ بَرْداً وَسَلاماً فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ أَهْلُ الشِّمَالِ قَالُوا رَبَّنَا أَقِلْنَا فَأَقَالَهُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمُ ادْخُلُوهَا فَذَهَبُوا فَقَامُوا عَلَيْهَا وَلَمْ يَدْخُلُوهَا فَأَعَادَهُمْ طِيناً وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا آدَمَ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) وَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) فَلَنْ يَسْتَطِيعَ هَؤُلاءِ أَنْ يَكُونُوا مِنْ هَؤُلاءِ وَلا هَؤُلاءِ أَنْ يَكُونُوا مِنْ هَؤُلاءِ قَالَ فَيَرَوْنَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) أَوَّلُ مَنْ دَخَلَ تِلْكَ النَّارَ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ جَلَّ وَعَزَّ قُلْ إِنْ كانَ لِلرَّحْمنِ وَلَدٌ فَأَنَا أَوَّلُ الْعابِدِينَ.
- Volume 2, Book 1, Chapter 3
The Clay from which the Believers and Unbelievers are made (additional)
3 Aḥadīth
Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Dawud al-’Ijli from Zurara from Humran from abu Ja’far
who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far has said, ‘As Allah, the Most Holy the Most High, created the creation. He created sweet water and a very salty water and then mixed the two together. Then He took a (kind of) clay from the surface of the earth and kneaded it intensely. He then said to the people of the right, as they crawled about like particles, “To paradise (you go) in peace.” He then said to the people of the left hand, “To the fire (you go) and I am not concerned.” Then He asked, “Am I not your Lord?” They all said, “Yes, You are our Lord we testify.” Allah said, “I make you to witness this) so that on the Day of Judgment you will not say, ‘We were unaware of this.’” (7:172) ‘Then He made the prophets to form the covenant. He asked them, “Am 1 not your Lord and is not this Muhammad, My messenger and is not this Ali, the commander of the believers?” They said, “Yes, it is just as You said.” This established their prophethood. He then made the ‘Ulu al-’Azm messengers to testify and acknowledge this fact: “I am your Lord, Muhammad is My messenger, Ali is the commander of the believers and his successors, recipients of divine supreme covenant, after him are people who possess My Authority and are the reservoir of My knowledge. That al-Mahdi is one whom I will make to lend support to My religion. Through him I will establish My kingdom on earth and make My enemies to face justice for their crimes. Through him I will make them to worship Me willingly or otherwise.” The prophets altogether said, “Yes, Lord we testify to these facts and bear witness.” Adam did not refuse and did not affirm (verbally) the fact about al-Mahdi so he was not included in the group of five ‘Ulu al-’Azm messengers of Allah. Adam did not have the resolve to affirm the facts about al-Mahdi . Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, has said in the Holy Quran, “We had made a covenant with Adam before but he forgot all about it and we did not find in him a firm resolve.” (20:115) He said that it was so but he ignored it. He then created a fire that blazed and told the people of the left hand to enter in the fire. They were afraid thereby. He said to the people of the right hand, “Enter in the fire.” They entered in the fire and it was cool and peaceful to them. The people of the left hand then said, “Lord, forgive us and reduce our sins.” The Lord said, “I have forgiven you but you must go in the fire.” They were afraid. Thus, with this the obedience, authority and disobedience came to take place.’”مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ الْعِجْلِيِّ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى حَيْثُ خَلَقَ الْخَلْقَ خَلَقَ مَاءً عَذْباً وَمَاءً مَالِحاً أُجَاجاً فَامْتَزَجَ الْمَاءَانِ فَأَخَذَ طِيناً مِنْ أَدِيمِ الأرْضِ فَعَرَكَهُ عَرْكاً شَدِيداً فَقَالَ لأصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ وَهُمْ كَالذَّرِّ يَدِبُّونَ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ بِسَلامٍ وَقَالَ لأصْحَابِ الشِّمَالِ إِلَى النَّارِ وَلا أُبَالِي ثُمَّ قَالَ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قالُوا بَلى شَهِدْنا أَنْ تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هذا غافِلِينَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ الْمِيثَاقَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّينَ فَقَالَ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ وَأَنَّ هَذَا مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولِي وَأَنَّ هَذَا عَلِيٌّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالُوا بَلَى فَثَبَتَتْ لَهُمُ النُّبُوَّةُ وَأَخَذَ الْمِيثَاقَ عَلَى أُولِي الْعَزْمِ أَنَّنِي رَبُّكُمْ وَمُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولِي وَعَلِيٌّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَأَوْصِيَاؤُهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وُلاةُ أَمْرِي وَخُزَّانُ عِلْمِي (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) وَأَنَّ الْمَهْدِيَّ أَنْتَصِرُ بِهِ لِدِينِي وَأُظْهِرُ بِهِ دَوْلَتِي وَأَنْتَقِمُ بِهِ مِنْ أَعْدَائِي وَأُعْبَدُ بِهِ طَوْعاً وَكَرْهاً قَالُوا أَقْرَرْنَا يَا رَبِّ وَشَهِدْنَا وَلَمْ يَجْحَدْ آدَمُ وَلَمْ يُقِرَّ فَثَبَتَتِ الْعَزِيمَةُ لِهَؤُلاءِ الْخَمْسَةِ فِي الْمَهْدِيِّ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لآِدَمَ عَزْمٌ عَلَى الإقْرَارِ بِهِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَلَقَدْ عَهِدْنا إِلى آدَمَ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَنَسِيَ وَلَمْ نَجِدْ لَهُ عَزْماً قَالَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ فَتَرَكَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ نَاراً فَأُجِّجَتْ فَقَالَ لأصْحَابِ الشِّمَالِ ادْخُلُوهَا فَهَابُوهَا وَقَالَ لأصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ ادْخُلُوهَا فَدَخَلُوهَا فَكَانَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ بَرْداً وَسَلاماً فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ الشِّمَالِ يَا رَبِّ أَقِلْنَا فَقَالَ قَدْ أَقَلْتُكُمُ اذْهَبُوا فَادْخُلُوا فَهَابُوهَا فَثَمَّ ثَبَتَتِ الطَّاعَةُ وَالْوَلايَةُ وَالْمَعْصِيَةُ.
Hadith No. 2
Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Hisham ibn Salim from Habib al-Sajistani who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja’far
saying, ‘There was a time when Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, took the descendents of Adam from his back to establish a covenant with them to testify that He is their Lord and to believe in the prophethood of all the prophets. The first among the prophets whose prophethood Allah wanted them to accept through a covenant was Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah . Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, then said to Adam, “Look (to find) what you can see.” ‘The Imam then said, “Adam then looked and saw his descendents appearing as small particles that filled the sky. Adam then said, ‘Lord, how huge in number my descendents are! For what purpose have You created them and for what reason did You make them to establish a covenant with You?’” Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, replied, “So that they worship Me and do not consider anything else as My equal and so that they believe in My messengers and follow them (for guidance).” Adam then asked, “Lord, why is it that I see certain ones of the particles are greater, others have a great deal of lights, yet others among them have very little light and still others among them have no lights at all?” Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, replied, “Thus, I have created them to place them to test in every condition that they will live.” Adam then asked, “My Lord, will You grant me permission to speak so I may express myself?” Allah, the Majestic the Glorious said, “Speak up; your spirit is from My spirit but your nature is different from My being.” Adam then asked, “Lord, had You created them all just like each other, by the same measure, the same nature, of likewise design, of the same color, of equal life span, of equal amount of means of living they would not act against each other. No jealousy, animosity and differences would exist among them over anything.” Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, said, “O Adam, through My spirit you just spoke and due to the weakness of your nature you made an effort to give an opinion about that of which you have no knowledge. I Am the Creator of the world. I knowingly have created each one different from the others and through My Own way I will make My commands to take effect and they will continue existing through My plans and measures. There will be no changes in My creation. I have created the Jinn and human beings only to worship Me. I have created paradise for those who obey and worship Me and follow My messengers. I have no regrets in what 1 have done. I have created the fire for those who disbelieve, disobey Me and do not follow My messengers and I have no regrets in it. I have created you and your descendents not because I ever need you or your descendents in anyway or form. I have created you and created them to test you and test them to see which ones among you do good deeds in the worldly life before your deaths. For this reason I have created the world and the life thereafter, life, death, obedience, disobedience, paradise and the fire. This is how I willed in My measure and plan. Through My all-pervasive knowledge in them I have placed differences in their forms, bodies, colors, lifespan, means of living, obedience and disobedience. I, thus, have made certain ones of them to be unfortunate or very fortunate. Certain ones among them will have eyesight or be blind, others among them will be of short size or tall ones, beautiful or otherwise, knowledgeable or ignorant, wealthy or poor, obedient or disobedient, of good health or suffering from illness, of defective bodies or free of bodily defects. In this way those of perfect bodies will look at the defective ones and thank Me for the perfect body that 1 have given them and those with defective bodies will look at the perfect ones and will pray to Me and ask Me to grant them good health and exercise patience when and in the way I test them. Thus, I will grant them good rewards. The wealthy ones after looking to the poor ones will thank Me and appreciate My favors. When the poor ones look to the wealthy ones they pray to Me and ask Me favors. It is as such so that the believers will look to the unbelievers and thank Me for the guidance that I have granted them. For such reasons I have created them. I test them in ease and in hardships and in good health that I grant them and in the matters with which I test them, in the matters of what I grant them and in the matters that 1 refuse them. I am Allah, the powerful King. It is all up to Me to allow all of My measures and plans to take form or change them as I wish to the time that I wish. I may change the sequel of the timing of my measures and plans and allow, that which comes first to come last and vice versa. I am Allah, and I execute whatever I will. I am not questioned for whatever I do but 1 question My creatures about their deeds.’””مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ حَبِيبٍ السِّجِسْتَانِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَمَّا أَخْرَجَ ذُرِّيَّةَ آدَمَ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) مِنْ ظَهْرِهِ لِيَأْخُذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمِيثَاقَ بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ لَهُ وَبِالنُّبُوَّةِ لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَخَذَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمِيثَاقَ بِنُبُوَّتِهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) ثُمَّ قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لآِدَمَ انْظُرْ مَا ذَا تَرَى قَالَ فَنَظَرَ آدَمُ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) إِلَى ذُرِّيَّتِهِ وَهُمْ ذَرٌّ قَدْ مَلَئُوا السَّمَاءَ قَالَ آدَمُ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَا رَبِّ مَا أَكْثَرَ ذُرِّيَّتِي وَلأمْرٍ مَا خَلَقْتَهُمْ فَمَا تُرِيدُ مِنْهُمْ بِأَخْذِكَ الْمِيثَاقَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَعْبُدُونَنِي لا يُشْرِكُونَ بِي شَيْئاً وَيُؤْمِنُونَ بِرُسُلِي وَيَتَّبِعُونَهُمْ قَالَ آدَمُ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَا رَبِّ فَمَا لِي أَرَى بَعْضَ الذَّرِّ أَعْظَمَ مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَبَعْضَهُمْ لَهُ نُورٌ كَثِيرٌ وَبَعْضَهُمْ لَهُ نُورٌ قَلِيلٌ وَبَعْضَهُمْ لَيْسَ لَهُ نُورٌ فَقَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ كَذَلِكَ خَلَقْتُهُمْ لأبْلُوَهُمْ فِي كُلِّ حَالاتِهِمْ قَالَ آدَمُ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَا رَبِّ فَتَأْذَنُ لِي فِي الْكَلامِ فَأَتَكَلَّمَ قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ تَكَلَّمْ فَإِنَّ رُوحَكَ مِنْ رُوحِي وَطَبِيعَتَكَ [ مِنْ ] خِلافِ كَيْنُونَتِي قَالَ آدَمُ يَا رَبِّ فَلَوْ كُنْتَ خَلَقْتَهُمْ عَلَى مِثَالٍ وَاحِدٍ وَقَدْرٍ وَاحِدٍ وَطَبِيعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَجِبِلَّةٍ وَاحِدَةً وَأَلْوَانٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَأَعْمَارٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَأَرْزَاقٍ سَوَاءٍ لَمْ يَبْغِ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَهُمْ تَحَاسُدٌ وَلا تَبَاغُضٌ وَلا اخْتِلافٌ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنَ الأشْيَاءِ قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَا آدَمُ بِرُوحِي نَطَقْتَ وَبِضَعْفِ طَبِيعَتِكَ تَكَلَّفْتَ مَا لا عِلْمَ لَكَ بِهِ وَأَنَا الْخَالِقُ الْعَالِمُ بِعِلْمِي خَالَفْتُ بَيْنَ خَلْقِهِمْ وَبِمَشِيئَتِي يَمْضِي فِيهِمْ أَمْرِي وَإِلَى تَدْبِيرِي وَتَقْدِيرِي صَائِرُونَ لا تَبْدِيلَ لِخَلْقِي إِنَّمَا خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَالإنْسَ لِيَعْبُدُونِ وَخَلَقْتُ الْجَنَّةَ لِمَنْ أَطَاعَنِي وَعَبَدَنِي مِنْهُمْ وَاتَّبَعَ رُسُلِي وَلا أُبَالِي وَخَلَقْتُ النَّارَ لِمَنْ كَفَرَ بِي وَعَصَانِي وَلَمْ يَتَّبِعْ رُسُلِي وَلا أُبَالِي وَخَلَقْتُكَ وَخَلَقْتُ ذُرِّيَّتَكَ مِنْ غَيْرِ فَاقَةٍ بِي إِلَيْكَ وَإِلَيْهِمْ وَإِنَّمَا خَلَقْتُكَ وَخَلَقْتُهُمْ لأبْلُوَكَ وَأَبْلُوَهُمْ أَيُّكُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلاً فِي دَارِ الدُّنْيَا فِي حَيَاتِكُمْ وَقَبْلَ مَمَاتِكُمْ فَلِذَلِكَ خَلَقْتُ الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةَ وَالْحَيَاةَ وَالْمَوْتَ وَالطَّاعَةَ وَالْمَعْصِيَةَ وَالْجَنَّةَ وَالنَّارَ وَكَذَلِكَ أَرَدْتُ فِي تَقْدِيرِي وَتَدْبِيرِي وَبِعِلْمِيَ النَّافِذِ فِيهِمْ خَالَفْتُ بَيْنَ صُوَرِهِمْ وَأَجْسَامِهِمْ وَأَلْوَانِهِمْ وَأَعْمَارِهِمْ وَأَرْزَاقِهِمْ وَطَاعَتِهِمْ وَمَعْصِيَتِهِمْ فَجَعَلْتُ مِنْهُمُ الشَّقِيَّ وَالسَّعِيدَ وَالْبَصِيرَ وَالأعْمَى وَالْقَصِيرَ وَالطَّوِيلَ وَالْجَمِيلَ وَالدَّمِيمَ وَالْعَالِمَ وَالْجَاهِلَ وَالْغَنِيَّ وَالْفَقِيرَ وَالْمُطِيعَ وَالْعَاصِيَ وَالصَّحِيحَ وَالسَّقِيمَ وَمَنْ بِهِ الزَّمَانَةُ وَمَنْ لا عَاهَةَ بِهِ فَيَنْظُرُ الصَّحِيحُ إِلَى الَّذِي بِهِ الْعَاهَةُ فَيَحْمَدُنِي عَلَى عَافِيَتِهِ وَيَنْظُرُ الَّذِي بِهِ الْعَاهَةُ إِلَى الصَّحِيحِ فَيَدْعُونِي وَيَسْأَلُنِي أَنْ أُعَافِيَهُ وَيَصْبِرُ عَلَى بَلائِي فَأُثِيبُهُ جَزِيلَ عَطَائِي وَيَنْظُرُ الْغَنِيُّ إِلَى الْفَقِيرِ فَيَحْمَدُنِي وَيَشْكُرُنِي وَيَنْظُرُ الْفَقِيرُ إِلَى الْغَنِيِّ فَيَدْعُونِي وَيَسْأَلُنِي وَيَنْظُرُ الْمُؤْمِنُ إِلَى الْكَافِرِ فَيَحْمَدُنِي عَلَى مَا هَدَيْتُهُ فَلِذَلِكَ خَلَقْتُهُمْ لأبْلُوَهُمْ فِي السَّرَّاءِ وَالضَّرَّاءِ وَفِيمَا أُعَافِيهِمْ وَفِيمَا أَبْتَلِيهِمْ وَفِيمَا أُعْطِيهِمْ وَفِيمَا أَمْنَعُهُمْ وَأَنَا الله الْمَلِكُ الْقَادِرُ وَلِي أَنْ أَمْضِيَ جَمِيعَ مَا قَدَّرْتُ عَلَى مَا دَبَّرْتُ وَلِي أَنْ أُغَيِّرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا شِئْتُ إِلَى مَا شِئْتُ وَأُقَدِّمَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا أَخَّرْتُ وَأُؤَخِّرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا قَدَّمْتُ وَأَنَا الله الْفَعَّالُ لِمَا أُرِيدُ لا أُسْأَلُ عَمَّا أَفْعَلُ وَأَنَا أَسْأَلُ خَلْقِي عَمَّا هُمْ فَاعِلُونَ.
Hadith No. 3
Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il from Salih ibn ‘Aqaba from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad al-Ju’fi and ‘Aqaba together from abu Ja’far
who has said the following: “Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, created the creation. He created His most beloved ones from that which He loved most. What was most beloved to Him was the fact that he created His most beloved ones from the clay of paradise. He created those whom He hated most from that which he hated most. What was most hated to Him was the fact that he created from the clay of the fire and then sent them to the shadows. I asked him, ‘What are the shadows?’ He replied, ‘Have you not seen your own shadow in a sunny day that looks like a thing but is nothing? Allah then raised from them the prophets who called them to believe in Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, as mentioned in His, words, “When you ask them who has created them they will say, ‘Allah.” (31:25) He then called them to express their belief in the prophets. Some expressed their belief as such and others among them did not do so. He then called them to express their (Wala’) belief and support to us (A hi al-Bayt). I swear by Allah, those whom He loved expressed their belief that we were the people who possess Divine Authority and only those whom He hated refused to express such beliefs as it is said in the following verse of the Holy Quran. “They do not express faith in what they before had refused to have faith in.’” (7:101) Abu Ja’far then said, ‘Rejection (to have faith in us) was then.’”مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ وَعُقْبَةَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ خَلَقَ الْخَلْقَ فَخَلَقَ مَنْ أَحَبَّ مِمَّا أَحَبَّ وَكَانَ مَا أَحَبَّ أَنْ خَلَقَهُ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْجَنَّةِ وَخَلَقَ مَنْ أَبْغَضَ مِمَّا أَبْغَضَ وَكَانَ مَا أَبْغَضَ أَنْ خَلَقَهُ مِنْ طِينَةِ النَّارِ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُمْ فِي الظِّلالِ فَقُلْتُ وَأَيُّ شَيْءٍ الظِّلالُ فَقَالَ أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى ظِلِّكَ فِي الشَّمْسِ شَيْئاً وَلَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ ثُمَّ بَعَثَ مِنْهُمُ النَّبِيِّينَ فَدَعَوْهُمْ إِلَى الإقْرَارِ بِالله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَلَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ الله ثُمَّ دَعَوْهُمْ إِلَى الإقْرَارِ بِالنَّبِيِّينَ فَأَقَرَّ بَعْضُهُمْ وَأَنْكَرَ بَعْضٌ ثُمَّ دَعَوْهُمْ إِلَى وَلايَتِنَا فَأَقَرَّ بِهَا وَالله مَنْ أَحَبَّ وَأَنْكَرَهَا مَنْ أَبْغَضَ وَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ فَما كانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا بِما كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) كَانَ التَّكْذِيبُ ثَمَّ.
- Volume 2, Book 1, Chapter 4
The Messenger of Allah, recipient of divine supreme covenant, Was the First to Respond to the Call of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, and Testify That He Is the Lord
3 Aḥadīth
Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al- Hassan ibn Mahbub from Salih ibn Sahl from Abu ‘Abdillah
who has said the following: “Certain persons of Quraysh asked, ‘O messenger of Allah, by what means have you surpassed the prophets in excellence while you are the last and final one among them to come (with Divine message)?’ He replied, ‘I was the first among them to express my belief in my Lord and the first one to answer the call when Allah made a covenant with the prophets. He asked them to bear testimony against their own selves that they have answered, affirmatively to Allah’s Question, “Am I not your Lord?” I was the first among the prophets to say, “Yes, O Lord, You are the Lord.” By expressing and affirming my belief in Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, as the first one I surpassed them in excellence.’”مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) أَنَّ بَعْضَ قُرَيْشٍ قَالَ لِرَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ سَبَقْتَ الأنْبِيَاءَ وَأَنْتَ بُعِثْتَ آخِرَهُمْ وَخَاتَمَهُمْ فَقَالَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَوَّلَ مَنْ آمَنَ بِرَبِّي وَأَوَّلَ مَنْ أَجَابَ حَيْثُ أَخَذَ الله مِيثَاقَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَأَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ فَكُنْتُ أَنَا أَوَّلَ نَبِيٍّ قَالَ بَلَى فَسَبَقْتُهُمْ بِالإقْرَارِ بِالله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ.
Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Muhammad ibn Khalid from certain persons of our people from ‘ Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Once I said to Abu ‘Abdillah
‘May Allah keep my soul in service for your cause, I find certain persons of our people who seem light-minded and very temperamental and this extremely saddens me. On the other hand 1 find certain persons of those who do not accept our belief seem to (have very good Simt) be very dignified.’ The Imam said, ‘Do not call it Simt because Simt means straight path. Call it Dignified appearance because Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, has said, “They have marks of the effects of frequent prostration on their faces,”’ (48:29). I (the narrator) then said, ‘I see them to be of good appearance and of dignity and this makes me very sad.’ The Imam said, ‘Do not feel sad for what you see of light-mindedness and temperamental conditions of your people and the good appearance of those who do not accept your belief. When Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, willed to create Adam, He created those two kinds of clay. He then divided them into two portions. To the people of the right hand He said, “Be a creature by My permission.” They became creatures that looked like small particles running around. He then said to the people of the left hand, “Be a creature by My permission.” They became a creature as small particles that crawled. He then started a fire for them and said to them, “Enter therein by My permission.” The first one who entered therein was Muhammad followed by the ‘Ulu al-’Azm messengers, their successors and their followers. He then said to the people of the left hand, “Enter therein by My permission.” They said, “Our Lord, have you created us just to burn?” They disobeyed. He then said to the people of the right hand, “Come out from the fire by My permission” and the fire had caused no injuries to any of them and had left no marks on any one of them. When the people of the left hand saw this they said, “Our Lord, we see our people have come out safe and sound from the fire. Lord, forgive us and command us to enter the fire.” The Lord said, “I Have forgiven you, now you must enter the fire.” They went near the fire but when they felt the heat of the fire they turned back and said, “Our Lord, we are not able to endure the fire burning us and they disobeyed.” He commanded those ones three times to enter into the fire but every time they disobeyed and turned back. He commanded the others three times, each time they obeyed and came out of the fire. He then said to them, “Be a clay by My permission.” He then created Adam therefrom.’ The Imam then said, ‘Whoever is of those will never become of these (people of the right hand) and whoever is from these will never become of those ones (people of the left hand). When you find your people as light-minded ones and it causes sadness to you it is because of their mix with people of the left hand. The good appearance and dignity that you find in those who do not accept your belief is because of their mix with the people of the right hand.’”أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنِّي لأرَى بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِنَا يَعْتَرِيهِ النَّزَقُ وَالْحِدَّةُ وَالطَّيْشُ فَأَغْتَمُّ لِذَلِكَ غَمّاً شَدِيداً وَأَرَى مَنْ خَالَفَنَا فَأَرَاهُ حَسَنَ السَّمْتِ قَالَ لا تَقُلْ حَسَنَ السَّمْتِ فَإِنَّ السَّمْتَ سَمْتُ الطَّرِيقِ وَلَكِنْ قُلْ حَسَنَ السِّيمَاءِ فَإِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ سِيماهُمْ فِي وُجُوهِهِمْ مِنْ أَثَرِ السُّجُودِ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَأَرَاهُ حَسَنَ السِّيمَاءِ وَلَهُ وَقَارٌ فَأَغْتَمُّ لِذَلِكَ قَالَ لا تَغْتَمَّ لِمَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ نَزَقِ أَصْحَابِكَ وَلِمَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ حُسْنِ سِيمَاءِ مَنْ خَالَفَكَ إِنَّ الله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى لَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ آدَمَ خَلَقَ تِلْكَ الطِّينَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ فَرَّقَهُمَا فِرْقَتَيْنِ فَقَالَ لأصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ كُونُوا خَلْقاً بِإِذْنِي فَكَانُوا خَلْقاً بِمَنْزِلَةِ الذَّرِّ يَسْعَى وَقَالَ لأهْلِ الشِّمَالِ كُونُوا خَلْقاً بِإِذْنِي فَكَانُوا خَلْقاً بِمَنْزِلَةِ الذَّرِّ يَدْرُجُ ثُمَّ رَفَعَ لَهُمْ نَاراً فَقَالَ ادْخُلُوهَا بِإِذْنِي فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ دَخَلَهَا مُحَمَّدٌ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) ثُمَّ اتَّبَعَهُ أُولُو الْعَزْمِ مِنَ الرُّسُلِ وَأَوْصِيَاؤُهُمْ وَأَتْبَاعُهُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ لأصْحَابِ الشِّمَالِ ادْخُلُوهَا بِإِذْنِي فَقَالُوا رَبَّنَا خَلَقْتَنَا لِتُحْرِقَنَا فَعَصَوْا فَقَالَ لأصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ اخْرُجُوا بِإِذْنِي مِنَ النَّارِ لَمْ تَكْلِمِ النَّارُ مِنْهُمْ كَلْماً وَلَمْ تُؤَثِّرْ فِيهِمْ أَثَراً فَلَمَّا رَآهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الشِّمَالِ قَالُوا رَبَّنَا نَرَى أَصْحَابَنَا قَدْ سَلِمُوا فَأَقِلْنَا وَمُرْنَا بِالدُّخُولِ قَالَ قَدْ أَقَلْتُكُمْ فَادْخُلُوهَا فَلَمَّا دَنَوْا وَأَصَابَهُمُ الْوَهَجُ رَجَعُوا فَقَالُوا يَا رَبَّنَا لا صَبْرَ لَنَا عَلَى الإحْتِرَاقِ فَعَصَوْا فَأَمَرَهُمْ بِالدُّخُولِ ثَلاثاً كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يَعْصُونَ وَيَرْجِعُونَ وَأَمَرَ أُولَئِكَ ثَلاثاً كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يُطِيعُونَ وَيَخْرُجُونَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ كُونُوا طِيناً بِإِذْنِي فَخَلَقَ مِنْهُ آدَمَ قَالَ فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ هَؤُلاءِ لا يَكُونُ مِنْ هَؤُلاءِ وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ هَؤُلاءِ لا يَكُونُ مِنْ هَؤُلاءِ وَمَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ نَزَقِ أَصْحَابِكَ وَخُلُقِهِمْ فَمِمَّا أَصَابَهُمْ مِنْ لَطْخِ أَصْحَابِ الشِّمَالِ وَمَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ حُسْنِ سِيمَاءِ مَنْ خَالَفَكُمْ وَوَقَارِهِمْ فَمِمَّا أَصَابَهُمْ مِنْ لَطْخِ أَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ.
Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Ali ibn ‘Isma’il from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il from Sa’dan ibn Muslim from Salih ibn Sahl from abu ‘Abd Allah
who has said the following: “The messenger of Allah was asked, ‘By what means have you surpassed other descendents of Adam?’ He said, ‘I was the first one to affirm my faith in my Lord. Allah established a covenant with the prophets and made them to bear testimony against their own souls when the Lord asked, “Am I not your Lord.” They all said, “Yes, You are the Lord.” I was the first one to answer that question positively.’”مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ سَبَقْتَ وُلْدَ آدَمَ قَالَ إِنِّي أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَقَرَّ بِرَبِّي إِنَّ الله أَخَذَ مِيثَاقَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَأَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قَالُوا بَلَى فَكُنْتُ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَجَابَ.
- Volume 2, Book 1, Chapter 5
How They Answered While They Were as Small Particles
1 Ḥadīth
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from certain persons of our people from abu Basir who has said the following: “Once I asked Abu ‘Abdillah
‘How did they answer when they (offspring of Adam) were small particles?’ The Imam said, ‘Allah placed in them the ability to answer Him when He questioned them at the time of establishing a covenant with them.’”عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) كَيْفَ أَجَابُوا وَهُمْ ذَرٌّ قَالَ جَعَلَ فِيهِمْ مَا إِذَا سَأَلَهُمْ أَجَابُوهُ يَعْنِي فِي الْمِيثَاقِ.
- Volume 2, Book 1, Chapter 6
Creation of the Creatures with Belief in Oneness of Allah in Their Nature
4 Aḥadīth
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim from Abu ‘Abdillah
who has said the following: “I asked ( the Imam) about the words of Allah, ‘. . . the invention of Allah (had a certain) nature with which He created all people. . . .’ (30:30) The Imam said, ‘It (invention, Fitrat) refers to belief in Oneness of Allah (belief in Allah only is placed in their nature).”’عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ فِطْرَتَ الله الَّتِي فَطَرَ النَّاسَ عَلَيْها قَالَ التَّوْحِيدُ.
Hadith No. 2
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan from Abu ‘Abdillah
who has said the following: “I asked him about the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, ‘The invention of Allah (had a certain) nature with which He created all people. . . .’ (30:30) What is that creation (and nature)? The Imam said, ‘It is al-Islam. Allah created them with such nature at the time He made a covenant with them to believe in Oneness of Allah as He asked them all, “Am I not your Lord?” when all the believers and the unbelievers were there.’”عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِطْرَتَ الله الَّتِي فَطَرَ النَّاسَ عَلَيْها مَا تِلْكَ الْفِطْرَةُ قَالَ هِيَ الإسْلامُ فَطَرَهُمُ الله حِينَ أَخَذَ مِيثَاقَهُمْ عَلَى التَّوْحِيدِ قَالَ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ وَفِيهِ الْمُؤْمِنُ وَالْكَافِرُ.
Hadith No. 3
Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Ali ibn Ri’ab from Zurara who has said the following: “Once I asked Abu ‘Abdillah
about the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, ‘. . . the creation (and invention) of Allah (had a certain) nature with which He created all people. . . .’ (30:30) The Imam said, ‘He created them and placed belief in Oneness of Allah in the nature of every one of them.’”مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) عَنْ قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِطْرَتَ الله الَّتِي فَطَرَ النَّاسَ عَلَيْها قَالَ فَطَرَهُمْ جَمِيعاً عَلَى التَّوْحِيدِ.
Hadith No. 4
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Udhayna from Zurara from abu Ja’far
who has said the following: “I asked him about the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, ‘They are humble before Allah and they do not consider anything as partners of Allah.’ The Imam said, ‘Humbleness comes from the nature with which Allah has created all people and there is no change in the creation of Allah.’ The Imam also said, ‘He created them with the ability to know Him.’ Zurara has said, ‘I then asked him about the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious: “(Consider), when your Lord took from the backs of the children of Adam all of their offspring. He asked them to bear a testimony. (Testimony to the fact that) when He asked them all, ‘Am 1 not your Lord?’ They all said, ‘Yes, You are our Lord.’” (7:172) The Imam said, “This happened when Allah took all descendents of Adam – who were to be born to the Day of Judgment – out from his back. They all came out in the form of small particles. He then introduced and showed Himself to them. Had this not happened no one could know his Lord.” The Imam said, “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Every newborn is born with the nature (to believe in Allah). ’ It means (He created them) with knowledge that Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, is his/her Creator and so is His words, ‘When you ask them, “Who has created the heavens and the earth?” They will certainly say, ‘Allah has created them.””” (31:25) Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Faddal from abu Jamila from Muhammad al-Halabi from Abu ‘Abdillah who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, ‘. . . the creation of Allah (had a certain) nature with which He created all people. . . .’ (30:30), the Imam said, ‘He has created them with belief in Oneness of Allah in their nature.’”عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ حُنَفاءَ لله غَيْرَ مُشْرِكِينَ بِهِ قَالَ الْحَنِيفِيَّةُ مِنَ الْفِطْرَةِ الَّتِي فَطَرَ الله النَّاسَ عَلَيْهَا لا تَبْدِيلَ لِخَلْقِ الله قَالَ فَطَرَهُمْ عَلَى الْمَعْرِفَةِ بِهِ قَالَ زُرَارَةُ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَإِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَأَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قالُوا بَلى الآيَةَ قَالَ أَخْرَجَ مِنْ ظَهْرِ آدَمَ ذُرِّيَّتَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَخَرَجُوا كَالذَّرِّ فَعَرَّفَهُمْ وَأَرَاهُمْ نَفْسَهُ وَلَوْ لا ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَعْرِفْ أَحَدٌ رَبَّهُ وَقَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) كُلُّ مَوْلُودٍ يُولَدُ عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ يَعْنِي الْمَعْرِفَةَ بِأَنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ خَالِقُهُ كَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ وَلَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَ السَّماواتِ وَالأرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ الله. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِطْرَتَ الله الَّتِي فَطَرَ النَّاسَ عَلَيْها قَالَ فَطَرَهُمْ عَلَى التَّوْحِيدِ.
- Volume 2, Book 1, Chapter 7
Believers as Offspring of Unbelievers
2 Aḥadīth
Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu’ alia ibn Muhammad from al- Hassan ibn Ali al-Washsha’ from Ali ibn Maysara who has said the following:“Abu ‘Abd Allah
has said, ‘The seed for a believer may exist in the back of a pagan and no evil affects it until it is transferred into the womb of a pagan woman wherein no evil affects it also. It is not affected even after birth and up to the time the person is considered responsible for his/her deeds.’”الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) إِنَّ نُطْفَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ لَتَكُونُ فِي صُلْبِ الْمُشْرِكِ فَلا يُصِيبُهُ مِنَ الشَّرِّ شَيْءٌ حَتَّى إِذَا صَارَ فِي رَحِمِ الْمُشْرِكَةِ لَمْ يُصِبْهَا مِنَ الشَّرِّ شَيْءٌ حَتَّى تَضَعَهُ فَإِذَا وَضَعَتْهُ لَمْ يُصِبْهُ مِنَ الشَّرِّ شَيْءٌ حَتَّى يَجْرِيَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَلَمُ.
Hadith No. 2
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Ali ibn Yaqtin from abu al-Hassan Musa
who has said the following: “Once I said to the Imam, ‘I am afraid of the prayer of Abu ‘Abdillah against Yaqtin and his offspring.’ The Imam said, ‘O abu al-Hassan, it is not as you think. A believer in the back of an unbeliever is like a small piece of stone in a brick. Rain can wash away the brick but it never harms the solid piece of stone.’”عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي قَدْ أَشْفَقْتُ مِنْ دَعْوَةِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) عَلَى يَقْطِينٍ وَمَا وَلَدَ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ لَيْسَ حَيْثُ تَذْهَبُ إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُ فِي صُلْبِ الْكَافِرِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْحَصَاةِ فِي اللَّبِنَةِ يَجِيءُ الْمَطَرُ فَيَغْسِلُ اللَّبِنَةَ وَلا يَضُرُّ الْحَصَاةَ شَيْئاً.
- Volume 2, Book 1, Chapter 8
When Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, Wills to Create a Believer
1 Ḥadīth
Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from Ibrahim ibn Muslim al-Hulwani from abu Isma’il al-Sayqal al-Razi from Abu ‘Abdillah
who has said the following: “In paradise there is a tree called al-Muzn. When Allah wants to create a believer He makes a drop to drip from it. It then falls on vegetable or fruit that either a believer or unbeliever then consumes for food but Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, brings out a believer from his back.”مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ الْحُلْوَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ الصَّيْقَلِ الرَّازِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ لَشَجَرَةً تُسَمَّى الْمُزْنَ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ الله أَنْ يَخْلُقَ مُؤْمِناً أَقْطَرَ مِنْهَا قَطْرَةً فَلا تُصِيبُ بَقْلَةً وَلا ثَمَرَةً أَكَلَ مِنْهَا مُؤْمِنٌ أَوْ كَافِرٌ إِلا أَخْرَجَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنْ صُلْبِهِ مُؤْمِناً.
- Volume 2, Book 1, Chapter 9
The Coloring (referred to in the Holy Quran) Is Islam
3 Aḥadīth
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn Mahbub from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan from Abu ‘Abdillah
who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, ‘. . . It is the coloring of Allah. Who has a better color than Allah’s color?’ (2:138), Abu ‘Abdillah said, ‘Color is a reference to this belief.’ The Imam also said, ‘It (color) stands for al-Islam.’ In the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, ‘. . . He has established a firm hold onto the strong ring’. . . (2:256), he said, ‘It (the strong ring) is a reference to the faith and belief in Allah, Who is One and has no partners.’”عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ صِبْغَةَ الله وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ مِنَ الله صِبْغَةً قَالَ الإسْلامُ وَقَالَ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَقَدِ اسْتَمْسَكَ بِالْعُرْوَةِ الْوُثْقى قَالَ هِيَ الإيمَانُ بِالله وَحْدَهُ لا شَرِيكَ لَهُ.
Hadith No. 2
A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from Dawud ibn Sarhan from ‘Abd Allah ibn Farqad from Humran from Abu ‘Abdillah
who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious: ‘. . . it is the coloring of Allah. Who has a better color than Allah’s color?’ (2:138), the Imam said, ‘It stands for al-lslam, the religion.’”عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ عَنْ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ صِبْغَةَ الله وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ مِنَ الله صِبْغَةً قَالَ الصِّبْغَةُ هِيَ الإسْلامُ.
Hadith No. 3
Hamid ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama’a from more than one persons from Aban from Muhammad ibn Muslim from one of them
who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, ‘. . . it is the coloring of Allah. Who has a better color than Allah’s color?’ (2:138), the Imam said, ‘Color stands for al-lslam, the religion.’ He, about the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, also said, ‘Whoever then rejects the Devil and establishes belief in Allah he, thus, has established his grasp securely with the strong ring,’ it (strong ring) means belief.’”حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيهِما السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ صِبْغَةَ الله وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ مِنَ الله صِبْغَةً قَالَ الصِّبْغَةُ هِيَ الإسْلامُ وَقَالَ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَمَنْ يَكْفُرْ بِالطَّاغُوتِ وَيُؤْمِنْ بِالله فَقَدِ اسْتَمْسَكَ بِالْعُرْوَةِ الْوُثْقى قَالَ هِيَ الإيمَانُ.
- Volume 2, Book 1, Chapter 10
Serenity Is Belief
5 Aḥadīth
Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from abu Hamza from abu Ja’far
who has said the following: “Once I asked abu Ja’far about the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, ‘He sent down serenity into the hearts of the believers. . . (48:4) The Imam said, ‘It (serenity) is belief.’ I (the narrator) then asked him about the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, ‘He supported them with a spirit from Him. . . .’ (58:22) The Imam said, ‘It (spirit) is belief.’”مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنْزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ فِي قُلُوبِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ هُوَ الإيمَانُ قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَأَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِنْهُ قَالَ هُوَ الإيمَانُ.
Hadith No. 2
It is narrated from the above narrator from Ahmad from Safwan from Aban from Fudayl who has said the following: “I asked Abu ‘Abdillah
about the words of Allah, ‘These are those into whose hearts belief is written. . . .’ (58:22), do they have any say in what is written into their hearts? The Imam said, ‘No, they do not have any say in it. ’”عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ فُضَيْلٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) أُولئِكَ كَتَبَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ الإيمانَ هَلْ لَهُمْ فِيمَا كَتَبَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ صُنْعٌ قَالَ لا.
Hadith No. 3
A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ibn Mahbub from al-‘Ala’ from Muhammad ibn Muslim from abu Ja’far
who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far has said, ‘Serenity (al-Sakinah) is belief.”عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَلاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ السَّكِينَةُ الإيمَانُ.
Hadith No. 4
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtari and Hisham ibn Salim and people other than the two from Abu ‘Abdillah
who has said the following:“About the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, ‘It is He who has sent serenity (al-Sakinah) into the hearts of the believers,’ (48:4) the Imam said, ‘It (serenity) is belief.’”عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ وَهِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ وَغَيْرِهِمَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ فِي قُلُوبِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ هُوَ الإيمَانُ.
Hadith No. 5
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa ibn ‘Ubayd from Yunus from Jamil who has said the following: “Once I asked Abu ‘Abdillah
about the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, ‘It is He who has sent serenity (al-Sakinah) into the hearts of the believers.’ (48:4) The Imam said, ‘It (serenity) is belief.’ 1 then asked about, ‘ . . . and supported them with a spirit from Him. . . .’ (58:22) The Imam said, ‘It (spirit) is belief.’ I asked him about the words of Allah, ‘He made them to accompany piousness. . . .’ (48:26) The Imam said, ‘It (piousness) is belief.’”عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ فِي قُلُوبِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ هُوَ الإيمَانُ قَالَ وَأَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِنْهُ قَالَ هُوَ الإيمَانُ وَعَنْ قَوْلِهِ وَأَلْزَمَهُمْ كَلِمَةَ التَّقْوى قَالَ هُوَ الإيمَانُ.